
URBAN ARCHITECTURE
Government
House
The
Blake family built this property around the time
of Emancipation (1834) and soon after sold it
to Thomas Harper, a planter-merchant and Vestryman.
Harper named the property Springfield. When the
Archdeaconry of St Kitts was created as a consequence
of the establishment of the Diocese of Antigua
in 1842 it was felt that the rector of St George
should be accommodated in a style more suitable
for his new position of Archdeacon. In keeping
with this ambition the venerable Francis Robert
Brathwaite, the first Archdeacon, bought Springfield
from the Harpers around 1848. In 1855 Springfield
house was conveyed in trust among other things
for such public uses and purposes as from time
to time should by the Governor, Council and Assembly
be declared and appointed. After repairs it was
appointed as residence for then Rector the Venerable
Archdeacon Jermyn in 1856. The property served
as the residence of successive Rectors until disestablishment
in 1874.
Today Springfield House serves
as the official residence of the Governor General
of The Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis.
Old Treasury Building
Lady
Haynes-Smith laid the foundation stone for the
Treasury Building in 1894. The building, “a
two-story stone structure … is stylistically
Georgian Architecture, adapted to the Caribbean,
and axially related to Fort Street and the former
Treasury Pier, which was the historic gateway
to the island by way of the central arch.”
(St. Christopher Heritage Society, 2000 p.2).
After Emancipation and Apprenticeship
in 1838 importing indentured labour from Madeira,
Portugal primarily solved the labour shortage
in St. Kitts. Planters at that time had to deposit
in the Treasury an amount to cover the cost of
a return fare for each labourer they imported.
Many Portuguese did not return to their homeland
after their indentureship was up. In the 1890’s
when it was obvious that there was a need for
a new Treasury the planters donated the unused
passage monies to government for the building
of the new Treasury. A contracting firm from Barbados
constructed the building using local stone.
On completion of the building
several government departments, including the
Administrator’s Office were moved from the
Court House to the Treasury Building. Over the
years many government offices including the Treasury,
Audit, Supply, Customs, Inspector of Public Health
Tourist Bureau and the Post Office have been housed
in the Treasury Building. The building was vacated
in 1996. The St. Christopher Heritage Society
currently occupies part of the ground floor while
the building is being restored for use as a National
Museum.
Georgian House
This
structure remains one of the more outstanding
examples of 18th Century urban architecture on
St. Kitts. It is located on South Square Street,
South of Independence Square, and along with other
buildings surrounding the Square is thought to
have at one time stored slaves in its cellars
purchased at the nearby slave market for transfer
to the Plantations.
This most English of town houses
was built sometime after 1790. By 1836 it was
owned by James Berridge. He was a leading merchant
who owned several vessels that traded amongst
the islands and as far as Halifax and Bermuda,
and in times of peace, even with America. Berridge
came to St. Kitts in 1794 at the age of 20 “with
no resources but his own abilities”. By
1812 he was not only a thriving merchant, but
also Treasurer of the Island, Lieutenant Colonel
of the Windward Regiment of Foot and Aide de Camp
to the Governor.
In the early 20th century, the
house was home to the prominent businessman Burchell
Marshall and his family. It was later used by
the St. Christopher Club, often referred to as
the Gentlemen’s Club. Today the Georgian
House is owned by an expatriate and is rented
out for use as an elegant restaurant.
| Information
compiled by the St.Christopher Heritage Society.
For information on many more Historical Sites,
you may visit them at www.stkittsheritage.org
or give them a call at tel: 869-465-5584 |
|